Extracts from The Constitution of India
PREAMBLE
We, the people of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a Sovereign
Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all its citizens :
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
In our consitutent assembly this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby adopt, enact and
give to ourselves this constitution.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
Right against Exploitation
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural and Educational Right
Right to Constitutonal Remedies
Saving of Certain Laws
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES of every citizen of India:
to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag
and the National Anthem;
to cherish and follow the noble ideas which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India
transending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities;to renounce
practices deregatory to the dignity of women;
to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild
life, and to have compassion for living creatures;
to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of enquiry and reform;
to safegaurd public property and to abjure violence;
to strive towards excellenc in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that
the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY:
State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people;
Certain principles of policy to be followed by the state;
Organisation of village panchayats;
Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases;
Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief;
Living wage, etc., for workers;
Uniform civil code for the citizens;
Provision of free and compulsary education for children;
Promotion of education and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled
Tribes and other weaker sections;
Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
improve public health;
Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry;
Protection and improvment of environment and safegaurding of forests and wild life;
Protection of monuments and places oand objects of national importance;
Separation of judiciary from executive;
Promotion of international peace and security.